What are the two types of metamorphosis in insects?

The two types of metamorphosis in insects are complete and incomplete.

Complete metamorphosis, also known as holometabolism, involves four distinct life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Each stage is markedly different in appearance and function, allowing the insect to occupy different ecological niches throughout its life cycle. For example, a caterpillar (larva) that later transforms into a butterfly (adult) serves different roles in its environment at different life stages.

Incomplete metamorphosis, or hemimetabolism, consists of three stages: egg, nymph, and adult. In this process, the nymph often resembles a smaller version of the adult but typically does not have wings. As the nymph matures, it undergoes a series of molts until it reaches its final adult form. This type of metamorphosis allows for a more gradual transition from juvenile to adult.

The other options do not accurately categorize the types of metamorphosis in insects. Complex and simple, gradual and abrupt, or linear and non-linear do not reflect the biological classifications recognized in entomology regarding insect development. Understanding this distinction is important for studying insect biology and ecology.